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Copyright 1986, 1994, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2007
Synonyms of Trisomy 13 Syndrome
- Chromosome 13, Trisomy 13 Complete
- Complete Trisomy 13 Syndrome
- D Trisomy Syndrome
- Patau Syndrome
Disorder Subdivisions
General Discussion
Trisomy 13 Syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder in which all or a portion of chromosome 13 appears three times (trisomy) rather than twice in cells of the body. In some affected individuals, only a percentage of cells may contain the extra 13th chromosome (mosaicism), whereas other cells contain the normal chromosomal pair.
In individuals with Trisomy 13 Syndrome, the range and severity of associated symptoms and findings may depend on the specific location of the duplicated (trisomic) portion of chromosome 1, as well as the percentage of cells containing the abnormality. However, in many affected infants and children, such abnormalities may include developmental delays, profound mental retardation, unusually small eyes (microphthalmia), an abnormal groove in the upper lip (cleft lip), incomplete closure of the roof of the mouth (cleft palate), undescended testes (cryptorchidism) in affected males, and extra (supernumerary) fingers and toes (polydactyly). Additional malformations of the head and facial (craniofacial) area may also be present, such as a relatively small head (microcephaly) with a sloping forehead; a broad, flat nose; widely set eyes (ocular hypertelorism); vertical skin folds covering the eyes; inner corners (epicanthal folds); scalp defects; and malformed, low-set ears. Affected infants may also have incomplete development of certain regions of the brain (e.g., the forebrain); kidney (renal) malformations; and structural heart (cardiac) defects at birth (congenital). For example, characteristic heart defects may include an abnormal opening in the partition dividing the upper or lower chambers of the heart (atrial or ventricular septal defects) or persistence of the fetal opening between the two major arteries (aorta, pulmonary artery) emerging from the heart (patent ductus arteriosus). Many infants with Trisomy 13 Syndrome fail to grow and gain weight at the expected rate (failure to thrive) and have severe feeding difficulties, diminished muscle tone (hypotonia), and episodes in which there is temporary cessation of spontaneous berathing (apnea). Life-threatening complications may develop during infancy or early childhood.
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Organizations related to Trisomy 13 Syndrome
- Arc
1660 L Street, NW, Suite 301
Washington DC 20036
Phone #: 202-534-3700
800 #: 800-433-5255
e-mail: info@thearc.org
Home page: http://www.thearc.org
- Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
PO Box 8126
Gaithersburg MD 20898-8126
Phone #: 301-251-4925
800 #: 888-205-2311
e-mail: http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/GARD/EmailForm.aspx
Home page: http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/GARD
- Let Them Hear Foundation
1900 University Avenue, Suite 101
East Palo Alto CA 94303
Phone #: 650-462-3143
800 #: 877-735-2929
e-mail: info@letthemhear.org
Home page: http://www.letthemhear.org
- Living With Trisomy 13
15802 Springdale Street, #68
Huntington Beach CA 92649
Phone #: N/A
800 #: N/A
e-mail: info@LivingWithTrisomy13.org
Home page: http://www.livingwithtrisomy13.org
- MUMS National Parent-to-Parent Network
150 Custer Court
Green Bay WI 54301-1243
Phone #: 920-336-5333
800 #: 877-336-5333
e-mail: mums@netnet.net
Home page: http://www.netnet.net/mums/
- Madisons Foundation
PO Box 241956
Los Angeles CA 90024
Phone #: 310-264-0826
800 #: N/A
e-mail: getinfo@madisonsfoundation.org
Home page: http://www.madisonsfoundation.org
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains NY 10605
Phone #: 914-997-4488
800 #: 888-663-4637
e-mail: Askus@marchofdimes.com
Home page: http://www.marchofdimes.com
- National Consortium on Deaf-Blindness (NCDB)
The Teaching Research Institute
Western Oregon University
345 N. Monmouth Ave.
Monmouth OR 97361
Phone #: 800-438-9376
800 #: 800-438-9376
e-mail: info@nationaldb.org
Home page: http://www.nationaldb.org
- Perkins School for the Blind
175 North Beacon St.
Watertown MA 02472
Phone #: 617-924-3434
800 #: N/A
e-mail: Info@Perkins.org
Home page: http://www.Perkins.org
- Support Organization for Trisomy 13/18 and Related Disorders, UK
c/o Christine Rose
48 Froggatts Ride
Walmley
Sutton Coldfield
West Midlands Intl B76 2TQ SOFT
Phone #: 012-1-3-51-3122
800 #: --
e-mail: enquiries@soft.org.uk
Home page: http://www.soft.org.uk
- Support Organization for Trisomy 18, 13, and Related Disorders
2982 South Union Street
Rochester NY 14624-1926
Phone #: N/A
800 #: 800-716-7638
e-mail: barbv@trisomy.org
Home page: http://www.trisomy.org
- UNIQUE - Rare Chromosome Disorder Support Group
P.O. Box 2189
Caterham
Surrey Intl CR3 5GN
Phone #: 44 -0 1-883 330766
800 #: --
e-mail: info@rarechromo.org
Home page: http://www.rarechromo.org
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